According to Saturday’s data, the number of people worldwide suffering from diabetes has risen from 30 million to 230 million over the past two decades, taxing the lives of millions and the ability of health care systems to deal with epidemics. . International Diabetes Federation.

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What is diabetes?

Diabetes is a disease in which your body cannot properly use and store the fuel for energy. The fuel your body needs is called glucose, a form of sugar. Glucose comes from foods such as bread crumbs, cereals, pasta, rice, potatoes, fruits, and some vegetables. To use glucose, your body needs insulin. Insulin is made in your body by a gland called the pancreas. There are three types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes occurs only during pregnancy.

Types of diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous clinical disorder for several reasons. Two main classifications of diabetes mellitus exist, idiopathic and secondary.

Idiopathic diabetes is divided into two main types; Insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, defined by the development of ketoacidosis in the absence of IDDM (type 1) insulin therapy. Type 1 diabetes often appears in childhood (hence it is also called juvenile-onset diabetes) and is the result of autoimmune destruction of B-cells of the pancreas. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM (type 2) is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, but rarely ketoacidosis. Type 2 diabetes usually appears after the age of 40 and is, therefore, an obsolete name for adult onset-type diabetes. Type 2 diabetes can occur as a result of genetic defects that cause both insulin resistance and insulin deficiency. There are two main forms of type 2 diabetes:

1. Late-onset associated with obesity.

2. Late-onset is not associated with obesity.

Sample meal plan

Choose foods that you like and that satisfies you, and include carbohydrate foods at every meal or breakfast to help manage blood sugar levels. You can eat your main meal in the afternoon or dinner.

Get help immediately if you have symptoms of diabetes

Sometimes, the onset of diabetes – particularly type 1 – can occur suddenly. This can give rise to a condition called ketoacidosis, which is a medical emergency. Symptoms of this condition are loss of appetite, loss of weight, vomiting, excessive passing of urine, altered consciousness, and finally, coma. Seek medical help immediately if these symptoms occur.